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The ''Sarcophagus of the Spouses'' ((イタリア語:Sarcofago degli Sposi)) is a late 6th century BC Etruscan anthropoid sarcophagus, actually exhibited in the National Etruscan Museum of Villa Giulia, Rome. It is 1.14 m high by 1.9 m wide, and is made of terracotta which was once brightly painted.〔Kleiner, Fred S. (2010). (''A History of Roman Art, Enhanced Edition'' ), p. xxxi. Wadsworth, Cenage Learning.〕 It depicts a married couple reclining at a banquet together in the afterlife and was found in 19th century excavations at the necropolis of Cerveteri (ancient Caere). The portrayal of a married couple sharing a banqueting couch is uniquely Etruscan; in contrast, Greek vases depicting banquet scenes reflect the custom that only men attended dinner parties.〔 The Sarcophagus of Spouses was discovered in a necropolis. In Etruscan culture they practiced cremation, so this was most likely used for ashes since this did not have body remains within it. Also in their culture, they were more open about their sexual activities. Women were not seen as "sinful" if they were naked in public. Women also commonly had sex with men that were not their husbands, so children were raised not to know who their father is. This raises the question whether the couple on the sarcophagus are even married at all. This piece proves that men and women are more equal in this culture than other cultures around this time period. Unlike in the Greek world, where banquets were reserved for men, the Etruscan woman, who held an important place in society, is represented by her husband's side, in the same proportions and in a similar pose. They are both smiling and have a loving attitude which is very uncommon for Greek culture. Because this is a funerary piece it could mean a positive attitude towards life and death. She is in the process of pouring perfume into his hand, she is making the gesture of offering perfume, another essential component of funerary ritual. In her left hand she is holding a small, round object, possibly a pomegranate, a symbol of immortality. The smiling faces with their almond-shaped eyes and long braided hair, as well as the shape of the feet of the bed, reveal Greek influence. However, the marked contrast between the high relief busts and the very flattened legs is typically Etruscan. "The Etruscan artist's interest focused on the upper half of the figures, especially on the vibrant faces and gesticulating arms."〔 A similar sarcophagus, also from Cerveteri, is housed in the Louvre in Paris (Cp 5194). ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sarcophagus of the Spouses」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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